[NEOCON] New Paradigm of Stellar Convection
Ente: EC
Scadenza: 2031-08-31
Importo max: 2.500.000 EUR
Paese: EU
Descrizione
Tension between solar observations and theoretical and numerical
models is shifting the paradigm of stellar convection: simulations
produce dominant large-scale flows that are absent in the Sun and the
supergranulation scale which according to helioseismology is dominant
in the Sun is not captured by simulations. This discrepancy, named the
convective conundrum, is the most likely reason why solar differential
rotation and global dynamo cannot be reproduced by current
simulations. Canonical theory of convection, adopted in many models,
assumes an unstable temperature gradient and local driving of
convection leading to large-scale flows. More recent models relaxing
this assumption suggest that surface cooling is the main driver of
convection leading to non-local flows in the form of cool entropy
rain. In this scenario the bulk of the convection zone is weakly
stably stratified in stark contrast to traditional mixing length
picture. Recent solar observations also suggest fast small-scale
plumes and weakly stable stratification.
Simulations of stellar convection are limited by computational
resources such that fully realistic models of stars are unreachable in
the foreseeable future. This is most likely why surface driving of
convection is too weak in current simulations. In the NeoCon project
this is addressed via a solar observation-inspired subgrid-scale model
incorporating entropy rain to reach the highly non-local regime of
convection conjectured to exist in stars. This has paradigm-shifting
consequences for theories of stellar convection and dynamos with
potential ramifications for stellar structure and evolution. In
addition to capturing convection accurately, another crucial
requirement is ensuring the correct force balance in stellar interiors
with strong multiscale magnetic fields. Strong magnetism is another
possible solution to the convective conundrum which is addressed in
the NeoCon project by comprehensive study of magnetic back-reaction on
convection.
Settori: Horizon Europe Topics
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